Atlantis, izina rimenyerewe mu mateka, ritera ubwuzu, gushidikanya no gutekereza. Inkuru y'umujyi w’ubukire n'ikoranabuhanga rihanitse, wagiye ugahinduka igisigo cy’isi, ishingiye ku myemerere ya kera, ifite agaciro kadasanzwe mu mitekerereze y’abahanga, abahanga mu bya archaeologie n’abandi benshi mu mico nyinshi. Igitekerezo cyo kuba uyu mujyi warabayeho cyangwa se ari inkuru y’ubwenge nticyahwemye gutera impaka no kuganirwaho mu myaka isaga ibihumbi bibiri. Ese ibyo byose byari imyemerere gusa cyangwa byaba byaratubereye ukuri?

Mu kinyejana cya 4 mbere ya Yesu, inkuru y’umujyi wa Atlantis yanditswe bwa mbere na Plato, umufilozofe w’Umugiriki, munyandiko ze Timaeus na Critias. Ibi byatumye uyu mujyi uba igihamya gikomeye cyo guhuriza abantu hamwe ku bintu byinshi, byaba iby’ubuzima bwiza cyangwa iby’ibyago by’umurage w’ubuzima, ndetse n’ibintu bisa n’ubushakashatsi ku bwenge, ubugabo, n’ubwiza bw’umujyi. Inkuru ye, mu buryo butandukanye, niyo yashyize igitutu ku gitekerezo cya Atlantis ku buryo bwagutse, nyuma ikaba yarateje impaka n’ikibazo cyo kumenya niba ari ubucuti bw’imyemerere cyangwa ahantu nyakuri habayeho.

Amateka ya Atlantis

Inkuru y'Atlantis iva mu nyandiko za Plato, umufilozofe w’Umugiriki, aho yanditse inkuru y’umujyi w’ubukire, urutonde rw’ibikorwa byawo, n’aho byari. Muri Timaeus na Critias, Plato yanditse ko Atlantis yari ahantu hatagira ubwoba, hakaba hararanzwe n’ubuzima buzira umuze, ibyo kurya bihagije n’ubushobozi bwo guhindura isi. Iyi nkuru kandi yahaye abanyamuryango bose batandukanye igitekerezo cyo kumenya icyateye isenyuka ry'Atlantis, cyane cyane ko yahindutse ikimenyetso cy’ibyago no guhura n’ubucurama. Nyamara, umwanzuro ni uko hari abavuga ko iyi nkuru ari iy’ubwenge gusa, atari ku rwego rwo kumenya ahantu ho kuba mu buryo bw'ukuri.

Inkuru ya Atlantis yagaragaye mu nkuru z’ibihugu byinshi bitandukanye, harimo abavuga ko yateye ubwoba no guha imbaraga abantu mu bihe byashize. Inkuru z’ibihugu zifite amateka y’ubwiza cyangwa se ibyago by’ibihugu byageze ku ntego zayo, gusa mu buryo bumwe cyangwa ubundi, zagiye zihurira mu kubyara imibereho y’ubuzima, ubwiza, cyangwa kandi n’icyateye ibikorwa byayo. Ibi byose bigira uruhare mu kumva ko hashobora kubaho abantu bashaka gukomera ku migambi yabo ariko bigatangiza ibibazo byinshi bitandukanye.

Imyemerere ya Atlantis

Ubuzima bwa Atlantis nk’igihugu gitekanye

Binyuze mu nyandiko za Plato, Atlantis yabonetse nk’umujyi utagira akavuyo. Abaturage b’uyu mujyi babaga mu mahoro n’ubwisanzure, bagira imibereho myiza kandi barashakaga gutera imbere. Inkuru ya Atlantis yagaragaje igihugu cyari gifite ikoranabuhanga rihanitse, kubaka ibikorwa by’ubwiza biranga imyemerere y’ubuzima, nk'ikintu gishobora kuba ku rwego rw’imbere mu mateka y'isi. Gukoresha amazi, gukora imihanda, no kubaka amazu y’ubwiza biranga igihugu mu buryo bwose kandi byatumye habaho gukora ku buryo bw’umwihariko n’ubwiza.

Gusenyuka kwa Atlantis

Uburyo Plato yanditse ko Atlantis yaje gusenyuka ni inkuru idasanzwe. Ati "Mu masaha 24 gusa, ibintu byose byarasibwe, ndetse n’umujyi urengereye agace kose, ukaba usa n’aho wavuye mu ishusho." Muri ibi, hari ukwigisha ikintu cy'ingenzi cy’ubuzima mu myaka ya kera, guhorana ubushishozi no kutiyemera mu byo gukora. Uyu mujyi w’ubwiza, bigeze aho udakora neza, wahindutse igishushanyo cy’ibyago ndetse n’isenyuka ry’ubwiza by’umuryango. Muri rusange, iyi nkuru isobanura ko ibikorwa n'ibyiza byose bishobora guhungabana bitunguranye.

Imitekerereze ku cyirwa cya Atlantis

Igitekerezo cy'uburasirazuba bw'inyanja

Ibitekerezo bimwe byerekana ko Atlantis yabaga mu gice cy’uburasirazuba bw'inyanja, cyane cyane hagati mu nkengero za Santorini, nkaho haba harakozwe ubushakashatsi ku nsanganyamatsiko zidasanzwe zerekeye ikurikirana ry’amateka. Ibi bitangazwa n’abashakashatsi ko Santorini yaba yariho nk’umujyi wihariye ukomeye, ubwo amakuru y’uko iyo nkuru irimo guteza igikundi cy’ibyago cyagiye mu mazi ku buryo butunguranye.

Imikorere ya none mu gushakisha ibimenyetso

Nubwo hashyizweho ubushakashatsi ku bikorwa bitandukanye kugira ngo hamenyekane byinshi kuri Atlantis, nta gihamya gihamye cy’uko habayeho ijambo ryanyuze mubisobanuro byayo. Mu bushakashatsi bwakozwe ku bice bimwe na bimwe, ahantu hatandukanye haboneka ibintu bitandukanye, ariko ntibyashyizwe mu buryo butunguranye kugira ngo bibashe gutanga ibisobanuro byihariye.

Imbogamizi mu gushimangira ko Atlantis yabayeho

Kuba mu bushakashatsi bw’igihe kirekire, kubona ibimenyetso bikomeye kuri Atlantis biragoye cyane. Byose bisa nk’uko abantu bakoze ubushakashatsi ku nyanja zitandukanye cyangwa ku bihugu byashize. Gusa ikigamijwe ni ugukomeza kugerageza kubona ibintu bidasanzwe byashoboraga kuba iby’iyi nkuru idasanzwe y’amateka.