Mu gihe ikoranabuhanga rikomeza gutera imbere byihuse, abantu benshi baracyafite imyemerere ishingiye ku makuru atariyo, ibihuha byakwirakwijwe mu buryo butizewe, cyangwa ibisigisigi by’amateka atagikwiye gukoreshwa. Ayo makuru y’impuha, rimwe na rimwe, ashobora kuganisha ku gufata ibyemezo bibi, gutakaza umutungo cyangwa guta igihe. Gusesengura neza buri gitekerezo kigendanye n’ikoranabuhanga ni inzira y'ingenzi yo gufasha abantu gutandukanya ukuri n’amarangamutima.

1. “Gutunga RAM nyinshi bituma mudasobwa igenda vuba”

Impamvu iyi mitekerereze yakwirakwiye

Imyumvire yo gutekereza ko RAM nyinshi izahita ikemura ibibazo byose by’umuvuduko wa mudasobwa ifite inkomoko mu bihe bya mbere by’imikoreshereze ya mudasobwa. Icyo gihe, ubushobozi bwa mudasobwa bwashingirwaga cyane ku bunini bwa RAM kuko software nyinshi zasabaga urwego ruri hejuru rwa memory (ububiko).

Uko RAM ikora mu by’ukuri

RAM (Random Access Memory) ni urwibutso (ububiko) rwa mudasobwa rukora mu buryo bw’igihe gito, rushinzwe kwakira no gutunganya amakuru ako kanya. Nubwo gutunga RAM ihagije ari ingenzi, siyo yonyine igena umuvuduko. Hari ibindi bigize imikorere ya mudasobwa nka processor, ubwoko bwa disk (SSD cyangwa HDD), ndetse n’imikorere ya software. RAM nyinshi ku buryo burenze ibyo system isaba, ntacyo byongera.

2. “Gufunga porogaramu ziri mu murongo w’inyuma bifasha kuzigama umuriro”

Imiterere y’imikorere ya Operating System

Operating System (nk’uko bikoreshwa muri Android na iOS) zigira uburyo bwazo bwihariye bwo kugenzura porogaramu zikora mu murongo w’inyuma (background). Iyo porogaramu idakenewe, system iyishyira mu buryo bwo gusinzira (idle mode), aho idakoresha umuriro mwinshi.

Icyo “background apps” zimaze koko

Nubwo hari apps zishobora gukoresha umuriro (nka GPS, cyangwa izikoresha data nyinshi), gufunga zose si igisubizo. Ahubwo, ushobora kubigenzura mu buryo bwihariye, ukareba izikoresha umuriro cyane, aho gukoresha ingamba rusange zishobora kwangiza imikorere ya system cyangwa kugabanya imikorere y’izo porogaramu.

3. “Wi-Fi yihuta iyo nta muntu uyikoreshaho”

Imyumvire ishingiye ku ngano y’itumanaho

Abantu benshi batekereza ko gukoresha Wi-Fi ari nk’uko umuntu asangira amazi n’abandi, ku buryo uko ari benshi ari uko amazi agabanuka. Nubwo mu buryo runaka bifitanye isano, si ko buri gihe bigenda.

Umubano nyawo hagati y’abakoresha n’umuvuduko

Umuvuduko wa Wi-Fi wihutishwa cyane n’ibikoresho byifashishwa (router), icyiciro cya internet ukoresha (bandwidth), ndetse n’uburyo bw’itumanaho (frequency). Umuntu umwe ushobora gukoresha bandwidth yose kurenza abandi batanu bakoreshamo bike. Bityo, si umubare w’abakoresha ahubwo ni imikoreshereze yabo igira ingaruka.

4. “Batiri ya telefoni ikwiye gukoreshwa kugeza irangiye mbere yo kongera kuyishyira ku muriro”

Inkomoko y’iki gitekerezo

Iyi myumvire ikomoka ku batiri za “nickel-cadmium” zakoreshwaga mbere, zari zifite ikibazo cyiswe “memory effect”, aho batiri yibagirwaga ubushobozi bwayo bwuzuye igihe idakoreshejwe neza.

Imiterere ya batiri za Lithium-ion

Telefoni nyinshi z’iki gihe zikoresha batiri za “Lithium-ion”, zidafite icyo kibazo. Ahubwo, gukoresha batiri kugeza irangiye bishobora kuyigabanyiriza ubuzima. Inzobere mu by’ikoranabuhanga zemeza ko ugomba gushyira telefoni ku muriro igihe igeze kuri 20–30%, ndetse ntukayivane ku muriro igeze kuri 100% buri gihe.

5. “Antivirusi zitangwa ku buntu ntacyo zimaze”

Uko abenshi bumva 'freemium' software

Hari igitekerezo cyakwirakwijwe ko software zitangwa ku buntu ziba zifite intege nke, cyangwa zigamije kumena amakuru y’umuntu. Nyamara, hari antivirusi zifite version y’ubuntu ifite ubushobozi bukomeye bwo kurinda.

Iby’ukuri ku mikorere y’izo antivirusi

Antivirusi nka Avast, AVG, na Bitdefender zitanga serivisi z’ubuntu zishobora guhangana neza n’udusimba (malware), spyware, na phishing. Nubwo version zishyurwa ziba zifite andi mahitamo yisumbuyeho, si ukuvuga ko iz'ubuntu ntacyo zimaze.

6. “Imashini za Apple ntizanduzwa na virusi”

Uruhare rwa marketing mu gukwirakwiza iyi myumvire

Apple yigeze gukoresha ubu buryo bwa marketing mu kugaragaza ko macOS ifite umutekano urenze Windows. Ibyo byatumye abantu benshi bumva ko Mac idashobora kwanduzwa.

Imikorere ya virusi kuri macOS

MacOS nayo ishobora kwanduzwa na virusi, cyane cyane iyo ukoresheje software zitizewe cyangwa iyo utibereye maso ku mbuga zifite imitwe ya phishing. Virusi za macOS zishobora kugenzura ikibaho wandikaho (keylogger), kugenzura camera, cyangwa kwiba amakuru yihariye.