Uyu munsi, mudasobwa ishobora gusesengura amakuru menshi mu gihe gito, porogaramu zigakora imirimo zisanzwe zikoresha igihe cy’abantu, naho ubwenge buhangano (AI) bukifashishwa mu gusuzuma amakuru no gushaka amasano ari hagati yayo.

Ibi byose byatangiye kugira uruhare rukomeye no mu bucuruzi bw’amafaranga y’ibihugu bitandukanye, buzwi nka Forex. Ikoranabuhanga ryahinduye uburyo ibiciro bikurikiranwa, amakuru atunganywa n’ibikorwa byo gucuruza bishyirwa mu bikorwa.

Ariko se ni gute ubucuruzi bw’amafaranga bwahindutse igikorwa gishingiye ku ikoranabuhanga rikomeye, kandi mudasobwa na AI bigira uruhe ruhare muri iyo mpinduka?

1. Mbere ya interineti, ubucuruzi bwakeneraga uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvugana

Kera, amabanki n’ibigo by’imari byishingikirizaga cyane ku bakozi, telefoni n’imiyoboro yihariye kugira ngo bamenye ibiciro by’ivunjisha kandi bavugane n’abandi bakora mu isoko.

Uko ikoranabuhanga rya mudasobwa ryagiye ritera imbere, uburyo bwo kubona no gutunganya amakuru bwatangiye guhinduka. Mu myaka ya za 1990, urwego rwa Forex rwatangiye kurushaho gukoresha uburyo bw’ikoranabuhanga bwo guhuza abacuruzi no gutunganya ibicuruzwa by’amafaranga.

Ibi byafashije ibigo by’imari kubona amakuru y’ibiciro mu buryo bwihuse, kugereranya amahitamo no kohereza amabwiriza hifashishijwe mudasobwa.

Nk’uko Banki Mpuzamahanga Ishinzwe Gutuza no Gukorana kw’Amabanki Nkuru (BIS) ibisobanura, ubucuruzi bw’amafaranga bwagiye buhinduka, kugeza ubwo porogaramu zikorera ku mabwiriza n’imiyoboro y’ikoranabuhanga bibaye ibintu bisanzwe ku isoko. 

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2. Internet yatumye amakuru aboneka vuba kurushaho

Interineti imaze gukwirakwira, kubona amakuru y’ibiciro by’amafaranga byaroroheye abantu n’ibigo byinshi.

Porogaramu zishobora kugaragaza uko ibiciro bihinduka, zikabika amakuru yo mu bihe byashize kandi zikayerekana ku mashusho yoroshye gusoma. Ibyo byatumye abakoresha ikoranabuhanga babasha kureba amakuru menshi batagombye kuyakusanya yose n’intoki.

Ariko hari ikintu cy’ingenzi: Forex ntabwo ari urubuga rumwe ruhurizaho abantu bose. Ubucuruzi bwinshi bukorwa hagati y’amabanki, ibigo by’imari n’abandi bakora muri urwo rwego binyuze mu masezerano yabo, aho kuba ku isoko rimwe rihuriweho na buri wese.

Bityo, porogaramu yerekana ibiciro iba ari igikoresho cyo kubona amakuru cyangwa kugera kuri serivisi runaka; ibyo ntibivuga ko buri porogaramu iba ifite amakuru cyangwa ibiciro bimwe n’izindi.

3. Program zatangiye gukora imirimo isabaga igihe cy’abantu

Imwe mu mpinduka zikomeye ni ikoreshwa rya “algorithms”, ni ukuvuga amabwiriza ategurwa kugira ngo mudasobwa ikore imirimo runaka.

Urugero, muri serivisi zimwe z’imari, porogaramu ishobora kwakira amabwiriza, kugenzura niba ibisabwa byujujwe no gushyira igikorwa mu bikorwa hakurikijwe amabwiriza yatanzwe.

Mbere, hari ibikorwa byinshi byasabaga ko umuntu agenzura amakuru, agafata icyemezo hanyuma agashyira mu bikorwa amabwiriza. Ubu, bimwe muri byo bishobora gukorwa mu buryo bwikora.

Ibi bifasha kwihutisha imirimo no kugabanya ibikorwa by’intoki. Ariko porogaramu ikora ibyo yateguriwe gukora gusa; iyo amabwiriza arimo ikosa cyangwa amakuru yakiriye atari yo, na yo ishobora gukora ikosa.

4. Uko umuvuduko wa mudasobwa ugira uruhare rukomeye

Mu bucuruzi bw’amafaranga, hari ibikorwa bisaba ko amakuru atunganywa n’amabwiriza agashyirwa mu bikorwa mu gihe gito cyane.

Aha ni ho hakoreshwa ikoranabuhanga ry’ubucuruzi bwihuta cyane, rizwi nka “high-frequency trading”. Rishingira ku mudasobwa n’uburyo bwo gutunganya amakuru vuba, bigafasha gukora ibikorwa byinshi mu gihe gito.

Ibigo bikoresha ubu buryo bishobora gukenera mudasobwa zikomeye, imiyoboro y’itumanaho yihuta n’abahanga bashobora gukora porogaramu zinoze.

Icyakora, umuvuduko ntabwo ari wo wenyine ugena umusaruro. Ikoranabuhanga rishobora no guteza ibibazo iyo porogaramu ikora amakosa, amakuru ahindutse mu buryo butari buteganyijwe cyangwa ibikorwa byinshi bigahurirana icyarimwe.

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5. AI itandukanye ite na program zisanzwe?

Porogaramu isanzwe ishobora gukora icyo yategetswe ikurikije amabwiriza yanditswe mbere. AI yo ishobora guhugurwa ikoresheje amakuru menshi, igashaka amasano hagati yayo kandi igatanga ibisubizo hashingiwe ku byo yize.

Mu rwego rwa Forex, AI ishobora gukoreshwa mu gusesengura amakuru y’ibiciro, gusuzuma raporo z’ubukungu, gutunganya amakuru y’amakuru mashya no gufasha abasesenguzi kubona ibintu bishobora kuba bitagaragara iyo barebye amakuru make.

Urugero, aho umuntu agomba gusoma inyandiko nyinshi kugira ngo amenye ingingo z’ingenzi, AI ishobora gufasha kuzisoma no kuzishyira mu byiciro mu gihe gito.

Ariko AI ntabwo ihwanye no kumenya ahazaza. Ishobora kubona amasano mu makuru yo mu bihe byashize, ariko ntibiyemeza ko ibintu bizongera kugenda muri ubwo buryo.

6. Ese AI ishobora gukora ubucuruzi bwose yonyine?

Hari porogaramu zishobora gukoresha AI cyangwa algorithms kugira ngo zifashe mu gusesengura amakuru no gushyira mu bikorwa amabwiriza yateguwe.

Ariko ni ngombwa gutandukanya porogaramu ifasha mu isesengura n’imashini ivuga ko ishobora guhanura ibiciro byose neza. Nta AI ishobora kwemeza ko izajya itanga inyungu buri gihe cyangwa ko itazigera ikora amakosa.

Komisiyo ya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika ishinzwe kugenzura ubucuruzi bw’ibicuruzwa by’imari, CFTC, yihanangirije abantu ku bamamaza porogaramu za AI zivuga ko zitanga inyungu nyinshi kandi zihoraho. Icyo kigo gisobanura ko AI idashobora guhanura ihinduka ryose ry’isoko.

Ibi ni ingenzi kuko ikoranabuhanga rikomeye rishobora gukoreshwa mu buryo bwiza, ariko amagambo nka “AI” cyangwa “ubucuruzi bwikora” ashobora no gukoreshwa mu gushuka abantu.

7. Umutekano w’ikoranabuhanga nawo urakenewe

Uko ibikorwa by’imari bigenda byishingikiriza kuri mudasobwa na interineti, ni ko kurinda amakuru n’uburyo bwo kugera kuri serivisi na byo bigenda biba ingenzi.

Porogaramu ishobora gutunganya amakuru menshi, ariko iyo abantu batabashije kurinda amakuru yabo, bashobora guhura n’ubujura bw’amakuru, kwinjirirwa muri konti cyangwa ubundi buriganya bwo kuri interineti.

Ni yo mpamvu ibigo by’imari bikenera uburyo bwo kurinda imiyoboro yabyo, kugenzura ibikorwa biteye amakenga no gukosora intege nke zigaragara mu ikoranabuhanga.

Ku ruhande rw’abakoresha, kuba urubuga rufite isura nziza cyangwa ruvuga ko rukoresha AI ntibihagije kugira ngo rwizerwe. Icyangombwa ni ukugenzura uwo ari we, serivisi atanga n’uko arinzwe.

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Ikoranabuhanga ryahinduye uburyo akazi gakorwa, ariko ntirikuraho imipaka yaryo

Kuva kuri mudasobwa zatangiye gukoreshwa mu gutunganya amakuru kugeza kuri algorithms na AI, Forex yagiye ihinduka urwego rushingiye cyane ku ikoranabuhanga.

Amakuru aboneka vuba, imirimo imwe ikorwa mu buryo bwikora, kandi AI ishobora gufasha gusesengura amakuru menshi mu gihe gito.

Ariko ikoranabuhanga ntirivuga ko buri gisubizo ritanga kiba ari ukuri, cyangwa ko buri gikorwa cyikora kigomba kugira umusaruro mwiza. AI ishobora kwibeshya, porogaramu zikagira amakosa, kandi amakuru yo mu bihe byashize ntahora asobanura ibizaba mu gihe kizaza.

Isomo rikomeye ni uko ikoranabuhanga rifite ubushobozi bwo guhindura uburyo abantu bakora, ariko rigomba gukoreshwa basobanukiwe uko rikora n’aho ubushobozi bwaryo bugarukira.