Wigeze ubona kare ntoya yuzuyemo utuntu dusa n'utudomo twirabura n’umweru, ukayerekeza kuri kamera ya telefoni, mu kanya gato urubuga rugahita rufunguka cyangwa ukabona aho ugomba kwishyura? Icyo ni cyo bita “QR Code”, ikoranabuhanga ryoroshye kugaragara ariko rifite byinshi bikorerwa inyuma yaryo.

Uyu munsi, QR Code ikoreshwa mu kwishyura, gufungura imbuga, kubona amakuru y’ibicuruzwa, kwinjira mu birori no gusangiza abandi amakuru. Ariko se utwo tudomo tuba dusobanuye iki? Telefoni itumenya ite, kandi ni gute dushobora kuyigezaho amakuru mu masegonda make?

QR Code yatangiriye he?

QR Code yatangijwe mu Buyapani mu 1994 n’ikigo cya DENSO WAVE, cyakoraga ku ikoranabuhanga rifasha kumenya no gukurikirana ibicuruzwa n’ibice by’imodoka.

Icyo gihe, uturango dusanzwe tw’ibicuruzwa, tuzwi nka “barcodes”, twari dusanzwe dukoreshwa mu bubiko no mu bucuruzi. Ariko hari ibibazo: amakuru twashoboraga kubika yari make, kandi mu nganda z’imodoka hakenerwaga uburyo bwihuse bwo kumenya no gukurikirana ibice byinshi.

Itsinda ry’abahanga riyobowe na Masahiro Hara ryashatse uburyo bushya bushobora kubika amakuru menshi mu mwanya muto kandi bugasomwa vuba. Ni bwo havutse QR Code.

Amagambo “QR” akomoka kuri “Quick Response”, bisobanura gusubiza cyangwa kumenya amakuru vuba. Mu ntangiriro yakoreshwaga cyane mu nganda, ariko nyuma yagiye ikwirakwira mu bucuruzi no mu buzima bwa buri munsi.

Utudomo two kuri QR Code tuba tuvuze iki?

Iyo urebye QR Code, ubona kare yuzuyemo utudomo n’utwobo twirabura n’umweru. Ariko ayo mabara si imitako yashyizweho kugira ngo igaragare neza. Ahubwo uko utudomo duteye ni ko kubika amakuru bikorwa.

QR Code ishobora kubika imibare, inyuguti, ibimenyetso n’ubundi bwoko bw’amakuru y’ikoranabuhanga. Amakuru atunganywa mu buryo mudasobwa ishobora gusoma, hanyuma agahindurwamo igishushanyo cy’utudomo.

Ni yo mpamvu QR Code imwe ishobora kubika aderesi y’urubuga, mu gihe indi ishobora kuba irimo inyandiko, amakuru yo guhuza igikoresho n’umuyoboro wa Wi-Fi cyangwa andi makuru yateguwe n’uyikoze.

Icy’ingenzi ni uko QR Code itabika buri gihe amakuru yose umuntu agiye kureba. Urugero, ishobora kubika gusa inzira iganisha ku rubuga ruri kuri interineti, telefone ikarufungura kugira ngo umuntu abone amakuru aruriho.

Telefoni isoma ite QR Code?

Iyo werekeje kamera kuri QR Code, telefoni ibanza gufata ishusho yayo. Porogaramu iyisoma igashakisha ibimenyetso biyifasha kumenya aho iyo code itangirira n’uko ihagaze.

Utukare dutatu tugaragara ku mpande eshatu za QR Code tugira uruhare rukomeye: dufasha telefoni kumenya icyerekezo n’imiterere yayo, kabone n’iyo wayerekejeho kamera uyireba uyitarutse ku ruhande.

Nyuma, telefoni isesengura uko utudomo twirabura n’umweru dutondetse, igasubiza amakuru yari abitsemo mu buryo bwumvikana kuri mudasobwa. Iyo iyo code irimo aderesi y’urubuga, telefoni ishobora kukwereka aho ujya ukayifungura.

Ibi byose bishobora kuba mu kanya gato cyane, ku buryo umuntu ashobora kwibwira ko telefoni yabonye gusa ishusho igahita imenya icyo igomba gukora.

Kuki QR Code ishobora gusomwa nubwo yangiritseho gato?

Kimwe mu bintu bituma QR Code iba ingirakamaro ni uburyo bwo gukosora amakuru atabashije gusomwa neza, buzwi nka “error correction”.

Iyo igice gito cya QR Code cyanduye, cyashwanyutse cyangwa kidashobora gusomwa, telefoni ishobora gukomeza kubona amakuru asigaye no kugarura igice cy’amakuru cyatakaye, bitewe n’urugero rw’ubwo burinzi bwakoreshejwe.

Ibi bituma QR Code zishobora gukomeza gukora nubwo zaba zitagaragara neza uko zagombaga kuba zimeze.

Ariko hari aho bigarukira. Iyo code yangiritse cyane cyangwa igice cy’ingenzi cyatakaye, ishobora kunanirwa gusomwa. Ni yo mpamvu uburinzi bw’amakuru butayihindura ikintu kidashobora kwangirika.

Kuki QR Code ikoreshwa ahantu henshi?

Ubu QR Code yamaze kurenga aho yatangiriye mu nganda z’imodoka, ikoreshwa mu bikorwa byinshi.

Mu maresitora, ishobora gufasha umukiriya kureba amafunguro n’ibiciro akoresheje telefoni. Mu birori, ishobora kuba itike yinjirwaho. Mu bucuruzi, ishobora gufasha kubona amakuru y’igicuruzwa cyangwa kugera ku buryo bwo kwishyura.

No mu buzima busanzwe, umuntu ashobora gukora QR Code irimo amakuru yo kumugeraho, aderesi y’urubuga rwe cyangwa ubundi butumwa ashaka gusangiza abandi.

Impamvu ikundwa ni uko ituma umuntu atandika aderesi ndende cyangwa ngo yinjize amakuru menshi n’intoki. Arayisoma gusa, amakuru akamugeraho mu buryo bwihuse.

Ese QR Code zose ni izo kwiringira?

Oya. Nubwo QR Code ari uburyo bwiza bwo gusangiza amakuru, ishobora no gukoreshwa mu buriganya.

Umuntu ashobora gukora QR Code iganisha ku rubuga rw’ibinyoma rwigana urwa banki cyangwa urundi rubuga rwizewe, agamije kwiba amakuru y’ibanga. Hari n’abashobora gusimbuza QR Code nyayo iyabo, urugero ku cyapa cyo kwishyuriraho, kugira ngo amafaranga ajye kuri konti itari yo.

Ni yo mpamvu ari byiza kureba aderesi telefoni igiye gufungura mbere yo gukomeza. Witonde cyane iyo urubuga rugusabye kwandika ijambo ry’ibanga, amakuru ya banki cyangwa andi makuru y’ibanga kandi utari wizeye aho rituruka. Iyo QR Code uyibonye mu butumwa utari witeze, banza ugenzure niba ubutumwa bwizewe mbere yo kuyikoresha.

Ikindi ni uko gusoma QR Code bitavuze ko igikoresho cyawe gihise cyandura virusi. Ariko gufungura urubuga rw’uburiganya cyangwa gukurikiza amabwiriza arimo bishobora kugushyira mu byago.

Mu by’ukuri, QR Code ni urugero rwiza rw’uko ikoranabuhanga rishobora guhindura amakuru menshi akajya mu gishushanyo gito gishobora gusomwa na telefoni mu kanya gato.

Ibyo dutangarira si utudomo twirabura n’umweru ubwabwo, ahubwo ni uburyo amakuru ahindurwamo ikimenyetso, agasomwa n’imashini, hanyuma agahinduka ikintu umuntu ashobora gukoresha.

Kandi iyo ubonye QR Code ubutaha, uzamenye ko utareba kare ririmo utudomo gusa. Uba ureba uburyo bw’ikoranabuhanga bwubatswe kugira ngo amakuru abikwe, amenye aho aherereye kandi asomwe vuba.